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A lipid profile is a blood test that measures the fats (lipids) in your blood. It is a key tool for assessing your risk of heart disease and stroke. Because high cholesterol usually has no symptoms, this simple test is one of the best ways to protect your heart.
What the lipid profile measures
- Total Cholesterol — the overall amount of cholesterol in your blood.
- LDL ("bad" cholesterol) — high levels can build up in artery walls.
- HDL ("good" cholesterol) — helps remove excess cholesterol; higher is better.
- Triglycerides — a type of fat linked to diet, weight and metabolism.
Target ranges for adults
| Lipid | Desirable level |
|---|---|
| Total Cholesterol | Below 200 mg/dL |
| LDL Cholesterol | Below 100 mg/dL |
| HDL Cholesterol | 40 mg/dL or higher |
| Triglycerides | Below 150 mg/dL |
Note: Your personal targets — especially for LDL — depend on your overall
cardiovascular risk. Your doctor will set the right goals for you.
Who should get tested?
- Adults as part of a routine health check (typically from age 20 onwards);
- People with high blood pressure, diabetes or obesity;
- Those with a family history of heart disease or high cholesterol;
- Anyone monitoring the effect of diet, exercise or cholesterol medication.
How to prepare
Many lipid profiles are done after 9–12 hours of fasting (water is allowed), especially when triglycerides are being measured. Your doctor or lab will tell you whether fasting is needed for your test.
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Disclaimer: This article is for general educational purposes only and does not
constitute medical advice. Please consult a qualified physician for diagnosis and treatment.